During a sexual assault evaluation, which test is essential?

In the context of a sexual assault evaluation, it is crucial to perform STI testing and drug screening as part of the comprehensive care and assessment for the survivor. These tests serve multiple purposes:

1. STI Testing: Sexual assault can lead to the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Early identification allows for timely treatment that can prevent long-term health consequences and reduce the risk of transmission to partners. It is essential to document the presence of any STIs and establish a baseline for the survivor’s health.

2. Drug Screening: Conducting a drug screening is significant in cases where there might be suspicion of drug-facilitated sexual assault. This allows healthcare providers to detect the presence of substances that could impair judgment or consent and may also provide crucial evidence in legal proceedings.

Both STI testing and drug screening are integral to the survivor's ongoing care and informed management of their health, making this option essential in a sexual assault evaluation.

The other options like only a pregnancy test or solely depending on a physical examination without laboratory tests do not provide a comprehensive approach needed for a thorough evaluation. A colonoscopy, being an invasive procedure aimed at examining the colon, is entirely unrelated to this context.