What complication can occur from using lidocaine with epinephrine for a digital nerve block?

When using lidocaine with epinephrine for a digital nerve block, the primary concern is the potential for vasoconstriction leading to ischemia. Epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor that can help prolong the effect of the anesthetic and minimize systemic absorption. However, in certain areas, particularly the fingers, the blood supply is already limited. The addition of epinephrine can further decrease blood flow, which can lead to ischemia of the digits. This might result in pain, necrosis, or other complications associated with reduced blood supply, especially in patients who may already have compromised vascular circulation.

The other options do not accurately reflect the risks associated with lidocaine and epinephrine in this context. While bleeding or infection could occur from any injection, they are not specific complications of this combination. Increased pain might occur during the procedure from various factors but is not a direct complication of using lidocaine with epinephrine. Understanding the balance between effective anesthetic action and the risk of ischemia is crucial when using epinephrine in digital nerve blocks.