What is a potential complication of untreated strep throat?

Rheumatic fever is a significant potential complication of untreated streptococcal pharyngitis, commonly known as strep throat. This inflammatory condition can develop after a streptococcal infection if not treated with appropriate antibiotics. The body's immune response to the infection mistakenly targets not only the bacteria but also its own tissues, particularly the heart, joints, skin, and nervous system.

In the heart, this can lead to rheumatic heart disease, characterized by damage to the heart valves, which can have long-term consequences. Symptoms of rheumatic fever may include fever, joint pain, rash, and even carditis, which can manifest as chest pain or heart palpitations. Prompt recognition and treatment of strep throat with antibiotics significantly reduce the risk of developing rheumatic fever, highlighting the importance of managing this common condition effectively.

Other potential complications of untreated strep throat may include otitis media, but they are generally less severe than the systemic implications of rheumatic fever. Chronic bronchitis and asthma are typically not direct complications of strep throat. Thus, rheumatic fever remains a critical concern in untreated cases.