What is one of the most common causes of an adrenal crisis?

The most common cause of an adrenal crisis is the sudden withdrawal of glucocorticoids. This condition typically arises in patients who are on long-term glucocorticoid therapy, such as those with autoimmune disorders, chronic inflammatory conditions, or those who have undergone organ transplantation. When these medications are abruptly discontinued, the body may not be able to produce sufficient cortisol in response to stress, leading to an adrenal crisis.

This crisis can present with severe symptoms such as hypotension, hypoglycemia, and altered mental status. The adrenal glands may have suppressed their own cortisol production due to the external supply of glucocorticoids, and the sudden removal of these external steroids does not allow for a timely recovery of normal adrenal function.

In contrast, conditions like invasive surgery, excess fluid intake, or chronic kidney disease may contribute to stress or complications but are not primary triggers for adrenal crises. The timeline of adrenal suppression following glucocorticoid use is a critical factor in understanding the mechanism behind this potentially life-threatening event.