Which class of calcium channel blockers is known as DHP (dihydropyridine)?

The class of calcium channel blockers known as DHP (dihydropyridine) includes agents like nifedipine and amlodipine. Dihydropyridines are primarily used for their vasodilatory effects, making them effective in lowering blood pressure and managing conditions such as hypertension and angina by dilating blood vessels.

Nifedipine was one of the earliest dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers introduced into clinical practice. Amlodipine, a newer agent, also belongs to this group and is often favored for its prolonged action and once-daily dosing. Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers target L-type calcium channels but primarily in vascular smooth muscle, resulting in relaxation and decreased peripheral resistance.

In contrast, the other options contain non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers like verapamil and diltiazem, which have different mechanisms of action involving effects on both vascular smooth muscle and myocardial tissue, leading to a decrease in heart rate and myocardial contractility in addition to vasodilation. These distinctions are crucial for understanding the therapeutic uses and potential side effects of each drug class.