Which class of medications is most commonly implicated in drug eruptions leading to Steven-Johnson Syndrome?

The class of medications most commonly implicated in drug eruptions leading to Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is sulfonamides. Sulfonamides, which include medications like trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, are known to be significant triggers for SJS due to their ability to induce hypersensitivity reactions. The risk of SJS associated with sulfonamides can result from the metabolites of these drugs causing an immune-mediated response, which can lead to severe skin reactions and mucosal involvement characterized by blistering and skin detachment.

Although other classes of medications, such as analgesics, beta-blockers, and proton pump inhibitors, can also be associated with adverse skin reactions, sulfonamides are more frequently linked with SJS in clinical evidence and reports. Recognizing sulfonamides as a key contributor is essential for healthcare providers, both in terms of prescribing practices and monitoring patients for potential severe adverse effects.