Which of the following is a first-line pharmacological treatment for PTSD?

The first-line pharmacological treatment for PTSD is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs, such as sertraline and paroxetine, are commonly prescribed due to their efficacy in managing symptoms of PTSD. They work by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which can help improve mood and anxiety levels, addressing the core symptoms of PTSD, including intrusive memories, avoidance behaviors, and hyperarousal.

The choice of SSRIs as a first-line treatment is supported by numerous studies and clinical guidelines that highlight their beneficial effects on the symptomatic relief of PTSD. Furthermore, SSRIs have a favorable side effect profile compared to other classes of medications, making them a suitable option for many patients.

In contrast, while other medications like trazodone, buspirone, and benzodiazepines may have specific uses in treating anxiety or insomnia, they are not considered first-line treatments for PTSD. Trazodone is often used to address sleep disturbances rather than PTSD itself; buspirone is mainly utilized for generalized anxiety disorder; and benzodiazepines, though effective for short-term anxiety relief, carry risks of dependency and can exacerbate PTSD symptoms in the long term. Therefore, SSRIs remain the gold standard for the treatment of PTSD.